India is the largest country in South Asia. In terms of travel and tourism, it is a very rich country where there are many types of sightseeing places, in which many places are also thousands of years old. There are many such places in it, which people have not seen till now and there are many places about which many people do not even know. It also has many busy cities, like the capital Delhi, Mumbai etc.
There are very few countries in this world where so many diverse places of travel and tourism are available in a single country. While India’s border is surrounded by the Indian Ocean on one side, on the other side there are the world’s highest mountains, the Himalayas. There are huge sandy deserts in Rajasthan, and there are also snowy deserts in Ladakh and Lahaul Spiti. From Kashmir to Arunachal, where there are snowy peaks, there are also Eastern and Western Ghats whose biodiversity is incomparable. There are also moving rivers like Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, Narmada, Tapti, Kaveri, etc., while lakes like Chilka, Dal, Wular, etc. are also worth seeing. There are so many sea beaches, there are also islands surrounded by sea like Andaman and Lakshadweep. On one side there are the green fields of Ganga, Yamuna and the five big rivers of Punjab and on the other side there is the vast Rann of Kutch, where nature exists in its unique form sometimes as water and sometimes as land. India is full of many sightseeing places not only natural but also created by human efforts. Who does not know the Taj Mahal? The temples of Khajuraho, the caves of Ajanta and Ellora are world famous.
Area
North India (Jammu Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
There are many beautiful mountains here. This place is very exciting and spiritual for tourists.
Plain India (Bihar, Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh)
This is an area irrigated by the rivers Ganga and Yamuna. Delhi is the capital of the country. The Taj Mahal of Agra is the most famous tourist destination here. Apart from this, there are many holy religious places like Allahabad, Mathura, Varanasi, Mathura and Bodh Gaya.
West India (Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan)
There is Rajasthan with the Thar desert, the place of colors and many forts. Here is the country’s largest city Mumbai, which is known as Bollywood i.e. Hindi film industry. There are many places worth seeing like the caves of Ajanta and Ellora in Maharashtra, the forests of Goa and the lions of Gujarat. It also has some very fast developing cities like: Ahmedabad, Surat, Jaipur, Pune, Mangarh hill situated on the border of Gujarat, etc.
South India (Andaman and Nicobar, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, Telangana)
South India has many famous and historical temples, forests, beaches, hill areas, tropical forests, backwaters, beaches, hill stations, and many lively cities, prominent among which are Bengaluru, Chennai, Thiruvananthapuram and Hyderabad. The city of Mysore is world famous for its palaces. Andaman and Nicobar in the east and Lakshadweep in the west are counted in this region for convenience, although they are far away from the mainland and have their own unique characteristics.
East India (Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Sikkim, West Bengal)
This region, which is less developed economically, is very rich culturally. Kolkata, which was the capital of the British Empire, and the temple cities Puri, Bhubaneshwar and Konark etc. are the major attractions here. This region extends from the mountains to the sea, due to which a lot of difference in the climate is seen here. This region is also a storehouse of minerals in India.
North-East India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura)
Almost cut off and untouched, this region is the tribal corner of India. Rich in picturesque scenery and biodiversity, this region is famous for endemic flora and fauna of the Indo-Malayan group and tea plantations. Meghalaya receives the highest rainfall in the world. These seven states are comparatively much smaller than other states of India, (although some of them are bigger than Switzerland or Austria), and are also called 7 Sisters.
City
1 Delhi
2 Mumbai
3 Kolkata (Calcutta)
4 Chennai (Madras)
5 Hyderabad
History
Delhi Sultanate
By 1192, Sultan Muhammad Ghori had taken control of Punjab and the areas around Delhi. After his assassination in 1206, his Turk slave Qutb ud-din Aibak declared his kingdom. Five dynasties ruled this kingdom one after the other: Mamluk dynasty (1206-90), Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1414), Sayyid dynasty (1414-51), and Lodi dynasty (1451-1526). Their rule mainly remained over Delhi, Punjab, Bengal and present-day Uttar Pradesh.
Entry of the Mughals
The Mughals were the hereditary rulers of Fergana Valley (present-day Uzbekistan). First they established rule over Kabul. From there they defeated the Pathan Lodi dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. They came to establish their rule in India. From 1540 to 1555, they were driven out of India by another Pathan dynasty, the Suri.
British rule
Earlier, the British used to take goods from here and sell them in their country. After that, slowly they started taking over the kingdom of every king. The British used to take gold, silver, spices, diamonds, old idols etc. from India only for their country. They built many railway lines to make this work easier. Along with this, the British also did the work of conversion of religion. They started building Christian schools in many places in India and also started building churches etc.
After independence
After independence in 1947, India was divided into two countries. India and Pakistan (Bangladesh was also included in this till 1971). In the war of 1947, there was a war between the two countries over the Kashmir region. After peace, one third of the area was captured by Pakistan. This area is still a cause of dispute between the two countries. India was declared a republic in 1950 after the adoption of the Constitution. Jawaharlal Nehru remained Prime Minister till 1964.
Weather
Rainfall occurs in India mainly only in a few months of the year. This time is from about 15 June to 15 September. This season is also known as monsoon. It is of two types, which are identified by the direction of the wind. Their names are South-West Monsoon and North-East Monsoon. In this, South-West Monsoon is very important. It causes rain in almost every part of the country. It is very important for agriculture.
North-East Monsoon is mainly in effect in October and February. It usually comes in the form of cyclone and storm. Every year many types of damage occur due to it. But after October the weather becomes quite clear and after a few days there is not a single cloud in many places of the country and the weather remains very good. Because at this time it is neither too hot nor too cold.
Travel
Visas
The rules and duration of stay vary according to the country of nationality. People from Nepal and Bhutan can stay in India indefinitely without a visa. Depending on the reason for your visit, you can get a tourist visa (6 months), a business visa (6 months, a year and more, sometimes) or a student visa, with a maximum validity of five years. A special visa allows you to travel in the country for a full ten years, although it can only be used by people from certain countries. The validity of an Indian visa starts from the date of issue, not when you arrive. For example, if you are issued a 6-month visa on January 1, it will expire on June 30, no matter how many days you delay.
People from Afghanistan, China, Iran, Pakistan, Iraq, Sudan, Bangladesh, Pakistani, Bangladeshi origin living abroad have to stay for sixty days as of 2012. The duration of a tourist visa expires in 6 months. With this, you can stay for a maximum of 90 days. The limit of stay varies for different nationalities. You should check the maximum duration at your local embassy.
By Air
Traveling by air saves time, as the road is very long and winding and takes a lot of time. Many places can only be reached by air. Very new equipment has been installed in the airports of Hyderabad and Bangalore. In the winter season, there is a lot of fog in the north and northeast and many times the flight does not operate.
By Rail
View of Delhi Metro
The rail facility was started in India by the British in the year 1853. Its main reason was to easily take spices, gems, etc. from India to their country. After independence, the Indian Railway Department worked to make it beautiful and it is one of the safest ways to travel in India. At present it is the largest railway route in the world.
By Bus
Travelling by bus is the second most preferred way in India. It allows us to go to those places where we cannot go by rail. There are some private buses too, which can be hired to go to any place. Apart from this, taxis can also be used for some short distance places. But when there are more people, the bus is the most useful. Private buses are not available for every place. But almost every place can be reached by this. Apart from this, some other means can also be used to go to rural places.
Know important facts about India
At present there are 28 states and 8 union territories in India. Each state and union territory has its own language, dress, food and culture. India is marked as the mother of many inventions such as algebra, number zero, chess, value of pi and diamond mining. India has about 90,000 types of animals, including more than 350 mammals, 1,200 bird species and 50,000 plant species.
At present there are 28 states and 8 union territories in India. Each state and union territory has its own language, dress, food and appearance. India has been marked as the mother of many inventions such as algebra, number zero, chess, value of Pi and diamond mining.
India has about 90,000 types of animals, including more than 350 mammals, 1,200 bird species and 50,000 plant species. All these features have contributed to making India a unique country in the world. Apart from these facts, 10 more interesting facts about India are given below:
India was one of the richest countries till the time of British rule in the early 17th century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India’s wealth and came in search of a sea route to India, when he accidentally found America.
-India has never invaded any country in its last 100000 years of history.
-Tirupati Balaji Temple and Kashi Vishwanath Temple both receive more tourists than Vatican City and Mecca.
-Apart from Hindi, the following languages (arranged in descending order with respect to number of speakers) are spoken by more than 25 million Indians each – Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya and Punjabi.
-Today the world’s largest school in terms of students in India is City Montessori School in Lucknow. It has more than 45 thousand students.
-More than 54 crore people voted in the 2014 general election, which is more than the combined population of the United States, Britain, Australia and Japan.
-In a village named Shani Shingnapur in Maharashtra, people have been living in houses without doors for generations. This is because they believe that anyone who steals anything from this place will have to face the wrath of Lord Shani and will have to pay a huge price for his sins. There is no police station in this village either.
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