The area included in the present state of Haryana was ceded to the British East India Company in 1803.
In 1832 it was transferred to the then North-Western Provinces of British India and in 1858 Haryana became a part of Punjab.
Due to the repressive policy of the British Government, the region did not see any significant development in the fields of education, trade, industry, means of communication and irrigation. As a result it remained backward in the 19th century.
The union between Haryana and Punjab was awkward, mainly because of the religious and linguistic differences between the two regions: the Punjabi-speaking Sikhs of Punjab, and the Hindi-speaking Hindus of Haryana.
With the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi on December 12, 1911, the Haryana region was further separated.
In the 1920s, some changes in the Delhi district were suggested to Sir J.P. Thomson, Commissioner of Delhi, by the Muslim League and the people of the region.
In 1928, the All-Parties Conference at Delhi again demanded the extension of Delhi’s boundaries.
Further, the movement for a separate state of Haryana was led by Lala Lajpat Rai and Asaf Ali, both prominent figures in the Indian National Movement, as well as Neki Ram Sharma, who headed a committee to develop the concept of an autonomous state.
At the second Round Table Conference in 1931, Sir Geoffrey Corbert, the Financial Commissioner of the then Punjab Government and Secretary of the Indian delegation at the Round Table Conference, suggested the reorganisation of Punjab’s boundaries and the separation of Ambala Division from Punjab.
In 1932, Deshbandhu Gupta said that “Hindi speaking area was never a part of Punjab. For the development of this region it was necessary to separate it from Punjab and create a new state by joining Delhi, some surrounding parts of Rajasthan with it.
When India became independent in 1947, Haryana was formed as a state only 19 years after independence. At the time of independence of the country, Haryana was a part of Punjab state, but a few years after the independence of the country, the demand for creating a separate state on linguistic basis started rising in the state.
The people of the state started feeling that they were being neglected in Punjab and they were not being given proper importance. The people of Haryana felt that even the administrative work of Punjab did not have any hearing. Due to all these reasons, the demand for Haryana state started rising during the rule of Pratap Singh Kairon in Punjab. On the other hand, Lala Deshbandhu Gupta and Asaf Ali were also demanding ‘Greater Delhi’ in which the suggestion to include Haryana was made. Was.
Not recognizing Punjabi as the state language
In 1955, the Government of India established the State Reorganisation Commission whose job was to demarcate the provinces on the basis of language. But this commission also rejected the demand for division of Punjab. But the State Reorganisation Commission recommended the inclusion of Patiala and East Punjab States in the Punjab region and Mahendragarh and Jind in the Haryan region. But the real problem remained the same because Haryan was mostly Hindi speaking and was not at all ready to accept Punjabi language as the state language and the basis of education.
Punjab Reorganisation Act
On 23 September 1965, the Government of India constituted a parliamentary committee, Shah Commission, under the chairmanship of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Sardar Hukam Singh, to consider the division of Punjab.
The commission submitted its report on 31 May 1966. According to this report, the then districts of Hisar, Mahendragarh, Gurgaon, Rohtak and Karnal were to become part of the new state of Haryana. Apart from this, the tehsils of Jind (District Sangrur), Narwana (District Sangrur), Narayangarh, Ambala and Jagadhari were also to be included. On the basis of the recommendation of the committee, the government constituted the Punjab Boundary Commission in March 1966 under the chairmanship of Supreme Court Judge Mr Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah. After the demarcation of Punjab by the commission, the Parliament passed the Punjab Reorganization Act in September 1966. Thus, after a long struggle, the state of Haryana was formed as the seventeenth (17th) state on 1 November 1966.
Formation of Haryana Government
Shri Dharamvir was appointed the first Governor of the state. On the advice of the President, the Governor did not hold elections in the state at that time, but formed the Haryana Legislative Assembly by taking MLAs of Haryana from the Punjab Legislative Assembly itself. At that time, the Congress MLAs who had come out of the ruling Congress Party in the state of Punjab elected Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma as their leader in the newly formed Haryana Legislative Assembly and he was made the first Chief Minister of the state.
In the 1967 general election, Congress got 48 out of 81 seats in the Legislative Assembly, while Congress got seven out of nine seats in the Lok Sabha. Shri Bhagwat Dayal Sharma again became the Chief Minister. But after seven days, due to internal strife in the party, Congress candidate Dayakishen had to face defeat at the hands of Vishal Haryana Party candidate Rao Virendra Singh in the election of the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. Shri Dayakishen got 37 votes and Rao Virendra Singh got 40 votes. Thus the Haryana government was formed.
Important information related to the formation of Haryana
| Date / Facts | Events |
| 1803 | Haryana ceded to British East India Company |
| 1832 | Haryana transferred to North-Western Provinces of British India |
| 1858 | Haryana becomes part of Punjab |
| December 12, 1911 | Transfer of capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi |
| 1920 | Sir J.P. Thomson recommends change in Delhi district |
| 1928 | Extension of boundaries of Delhi. |
| 1931 | Second Round Table Conference |
| 1947 | India becomes independent |
| Demand for ‘Greater Delhi’ | Lala Deshbandhu Gupta and Asaf Ali |
| September 1966 | Punjab Reorganisation Act |
| November 1, 1966 | Formation of Haryana |
| Shri Dharamvir | First Governor of the State |
| Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma | First Chief Minister |
